
Allama Muhammad Iqbal (1877–1938)
Allama Muhammad Iqbal was a major Urdu and Persian poet, philosopher, and political thinker of South Asia. His poetry joined spiritual reflection with ideas of selfhood, moral renewal, and social action. Works such as Bang-e-Dara, Asrar-e-Khudi, and The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam established his lasting intellectual and literary influence.